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RESEARCH-ENGINEERING POLICY AND HIGH  TECHNOLOGIES

The scientific-technical developments will be among those main factors which will boost achievements in the XXI century, the golden century for Turkmen people. To this end, the programme of research-engineering development has been worked out for the period up to 2010.

The policy of the President in this respect suggests the applica­tion of advanced technologies, creation and development of national technologies.

The objectives to be resolved by the science up to 2010 lead to the requirements of the social policy, the main goal of which is the provision of high living standard.

In this connection the research-engineering policy will be imple­mented through:

• wide application of the achievements of world science and of the latest technologies;

• introduction of the findings of national fundamental and applied sciences to the production processes;

The principal objectives of the Program of scientific- technical development will be targeted as:

• concentration of the scientific potential in the economic and social spheres of the first priority, decision of the particular issues of the sectors in consideration of local conditions;

• development of science in universities and institutes, humani­tarian researches, attraction of the researching potential;

• application of the latest world achievements in science for the dynamic development of Turkmenistan's economic sectors and crea­tion of the informational base for advanced technologies in the world;

• expansion of cooperation with foreign countries and interna­tional organizations in the sphere of science and technologies;

• training of qualified staff capable to resolve objectives in order to make Turkmenistan a developed secular democratic state. We need the skilful specialists who will always be ready to serve for their coun­try and their President.

It is anticipated to implement the research-engineering policy on a stage-by stage basis. At the first stage (2000-2005) the policy of the selective support to the promising sectors will prevail. Everything will be done to draw investors to these sectors, being very important for the economic growth in the state. Given the current structure of the economy of Turkmenistan, the funds may be «generated» mainly by the traditional sectors of the state, such as downstream industries and the associated processing industries oriented to the external market.

These are the oil and gas, chemical, petrochemical, cotton refin­ing and textile industries. The research-engineering policy will first and foremost focus on these industries, as it will help to maintain competitive advantages coming from the relatively cheap raw materi­als and create opportunities for the increase of revenues and their reinvestment to the upstream industries.

In addition, such import substitution sectors as food production, sewing, knitting industries, the products of which are popular among the consumers, will also get the support at the first stage. The earn­ings of these industries will help to make investments to the other sectors of the national economy.

The realization of the anticipated measures will allow to increase 3 times the level of renovations as compared to the current period

The second stage (2005-2010) will become the period when the science intensive and highly technological industries of capital goods production oriented on the external and domestic markets will be de­veloped.

The President of Turkmenistan will approve the priorities in the research-engineering development for the period up to 2010.

The substantial work is to be done in the agriculture in order to increase the crop yield and the livestock productivity. The selection and seed growing works for cotton, wheat and other grain and also fodder cultures will get further development. In livestock sector it is envisaged to improve the genetic fund of the productive cattle and poultry with the help of biotechnology and selection works.

In the projected period the scientific technical researches in land and water usage will be carried out through the introduction of new technologies.

The particular attention will be given to technological develop­ment of basic sectors of the national economy being the important source of foreign exchange proceeds.

In energy and raw material sectors the research-engineering will be oriented on the development and introduction of updated meth­ods of exploring, prospecting and monitoring, strategic mineral re­sources, on the improvement of their extraction and refining as well as the development of environmentally safe transportation system, and in particular:                    ,

in oil and gas sector - the geological prospecting works should become more efficient, the production of oil at the fields in desert, the construction of wells in shelf zone should be increased, the gas and gas condensate refining for getting targeted chemical products should become more deep; highly reliable, ecologically safe transportation systems should be created;

in oil refining industry - the motor fuels production should be in­creased through the development of deep oil refining processes, the new generation of catalysts, high octane and oxygen containing addi­tives.

In the power supply industry it is planned to increase the usage of natural gas, to replace the obsolete equipment with the sophisti­cated machinery, to modernize energy producing blocks, to increase their cost effectiveness and reliability.

In the area of power supply industry such effective systems and complexes will be created as hot water supply, heating, cooling, rais­ing and desalting of water, synthesis of semiconductors, storing and processing of agricultural products while using recoverable energy sources.

In the industry of chemicals the technological development will be based on the studies of foreign and national innovations.

The development and introduction of efficient methods of extrac­tion and processing of mineral resources of Karabogazgol Bay, the upgrading of the production of iodine, bromide, mineral fertilizers and bentonite clays, ore minerals in the territory of Turkmenistan.

In the geological sciences and seismology the main attention will be given to the studies with regards to the mineral resources, to the creation of new methods of assessing seismic danger and fore­casting earthquakes. The works on dividing seismic zones to micro-districts will be continued.

The medical science will evaluate medical demographic situa­tion, will undertake researches to decrease morbidity, to provide for life expectancy growth, to improve reproductive health and rehabilita­tion process. It is planned to develop scientific basis to arrange effi­cient provision of medical services to the population.

For the environment protection and rational use of biological and water resources further researches will be undertaken to develop ecological socio-economic concept of the rational nature use. The sci­entific basis of the biodiversity conservation and rational use of ex­haustible resources will be worked out. The researches will be per­formed to assess the environmental impact of the human factor, im­plementation of measures to mitigate the adverse consequences of the Aral Sea desiccation.

The further strengthening of international scientific collaboration is anticipated.

Great attention will be given to the upgrading of the existing equip­ment, attracting of the advanced technologies and innovations, creat­ing of the mechanism of introduction of scientific achievements to the production processes.

THE NATIONAL PROGRAMME OF PRESIDENT OF TURKMENISTAN

SAPARMURAT TURKMENBASHY

«STRATEGY OF SOCIO-ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENTS IN TURKMENISTAN FOR THE PERIOD UP TO 2010»